Questions:
- What are the benefits of the following
languages:
- Data Oriented Language
Answer:
Data
oriented programming is simply a programming language with database, you can
create tables and queries, and program to manipulate the stored data on it,
example of data oriented language are SQL, DBase and Visual Foxpro.
The benefits of
data oriented language are languages provide powerful ways of searching and
manipulating the relations that have been described as entity relationship
tables which map one set of things into other sets.
- Object Oriented Language
Answer:
Object-oriented languages help to manage complexity in
large programs. Objects package data and the operations on them so that only
the operations are publicly accessible and internal details of the data
structures are hidden. This information hiding made large-scale programming
easier by allowing a programmer to think about each part of the program in
isolation
The benefits of
object oriented language are object inheritance, Encapsulation, Polymorphism,
and Simulation.
- Event-driven Language
Answer:
Event-driven
programming or event-based programming is a programming paradigm in which the
flow of the program is determined by events. For example sensor outputs or user
actions such as mouse clicks or key
presses or messages from other programs or threads. Event driven programming is
greatly beneficial because of how user friendly it makes computer applications.
It means that almost everyone can operate these systems without the need for
expert knowledge on computer programming code such as SQL and Visual Basic.
- Logical Language
Answer:
Abductive Logic
Programming is an extension of normal Logic Programming that allows some
predicates, declared as adducible predicates, to be incompletely defined.
Problem solving is achieved by deriving hypotheses expressed in terms of the adducible
predicates as solutions of problems to be solved. Because mathematical logic
has a long tradition of distinguishing between object language and meta language, logic programming also allows meta level programming. Constraint logic
programming is an extension of normal Logic Programming that allows some
predicates, declared as constraint predicates, to occur as literals in the body
of clauses. Concurrent constraint logic programming combines concurrent logic
programming and constraint logic programming, using constraints to control
concurrency. Basing logic programming within linear logic has resulted in the
design of logic programming languages that are considerably more expressive
than those based on classical logic.
- Give at least three programming
language used for the following paradigms:
- Procedural Programming
Answer:
A
list of instructions telling a computer, step-by-step, what to do, usually having a linear order of
execution from the first statement to
the second and so forth with occasional loops and branches. Procedural programming languages
include C, C++, Fortran, Pascal, and BASIC.
- Functional Programming
Answer:
functional
programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation
as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids state and mutable data. The
prominent functional
programming languages
such as Common Lisp, Scheme, ISLISP, Clojure, Racket,
Erlang, OCaml, Haskell, Scala and F#.
- Object Oriented Programming
Answer:
Some
of the most commercially important object-oriented languages are Visual
Basic.NET (VB.NET) and C#, both designed
for Microsoft's .NET platform, and Java, developed by Sun Microsystems.
- Logic Programming
Answer:
Prolog
is a general purpose logic programming language associated with
artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. Datalog is a truly
declarative logic programming language that syntactically
is a subset of Prolog. It is
often used as a query language for deductive
databases : it has a cleaner syntax
and is more expressive than SQL.
- Give at least five reasons of using
the following paradigms:
- Procedural Programming
Answer:
Procedures,
also known as routines, subroutines, methods, or functions (not to be confused
with mathematical functions, but similar to those used in functional programming),
simply contain a series of computational steps to be carried out. Any given
procedure might be called at any point during a program's execution, including
by other procedures or itself. A list of instructions telling a computer,
step-by-step, what to do, usually having a linear order of execution from the
first statement to the second and so forth with occasional loops and branches.
- Functional Programming
Answer:
Functional
programming has long been popular in academia, but with few industrial
applications. However, recently several prominent functional programming languages have been used in
commercial or industrial
systems. For example, the Erlang programming language, which was developed by the
Swedish company Ericsson in the late 1980s, was originally
used to implement fault-tolerant telecommunications systems. It has since become popular for
building a range of applications at companies
such as T-Mobile, Nortel, Facebook and EDF
- Object Oriented Programming
Answer:
In
OOP, each object is capable of receiving messages, processing data,
and sending messages to other objects. Each object can be viewed as an independent "machine"
with a distinct role or responsibility. The actions
(or "methods") on these objects are closely associated with the object. For example, OOP data structures
tend to "carry their own operators
around with them" (or at least "inherit" them from a similar object or class) - except when they have
to be serialized. object-oriented programming
has become especially popular in dynamic programming languages. Python, Ruby and Groovy are dynamic languages
built on OOP principles, while
Perl and PHP have been adding object oriented features since Perl 5 and PHP 4, and ColdFusion since version 5. Objects are key to understanding object-oriented technology. Look around right now and you'll find many examples of
real-world objects: your dog, your desk,
your television set, your bicycle.
- Logic Programming
Answer:
Logic languages, as their name suggests, rely on logic to provide
the framework for their meaning. Logic itself was invented as an aid to human
thought, allowing knowledge to be set out and reasoned about. It would
therefore seem natural to attempt to use it in programming computers. In
practice, first order predicate calculus is used, or at least a subset of it.
It is not necessary to understand predicate calculus before learning a logic
programming language. Indeed, this course takes the view that it is better to
learn Prolog, a practical example of a logic programming language, before
learning about the underpinning of theory.
Logic programming has many application areas:
·
Relational Data Bases
·
Natural Language
Interfaces
·
Expert Systems
·
Symbolic Equation
solving
·
Planning
·
Prototyping
·
Simulation
·
Programming Language
Implementation
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